Australia’s democratic beliefs, rights and liberties
Understand the freedoms we share and the responsibilities of citizenship.
Parliamentary democracy
Australia is a parliamentary democracy. Citizens elect representatives to parliament, and those representatives make decisions and laws on their behalf. The government's power comes from the Australian people. Representatives must answer to the people through elections.
The Rule of Law means everyone must obey Australian law, including people in government and positions of power. Nobody is above the law. Australians believe that change should happen through discussion, peaceful persuasion and democratic processes, rather than violence.
Respect and equality
Australia respects the freedom and dignity of each person. Men and women have equal rights and equal opportunity to participate in society. People must not be discriminated against on grounds such as race, disability, sex or age.
Equality of opportunity is often described as a fair go. A person's achievements should be based on their talents, work and effort, not their wealth or background. Australians value mutual respect, tolerance and compassion for people in need.
Our freedoms
Freedom of speech and expression lets people discuss ideas, write, criticise the government and peacefully protest within the law. It does not permit violence or encouraging others to break the law.
Freedom of association means people may join or leave lawful organisations, including political parties, unions, religious groups and community groups. People cannot be forced to join a group.
Australia is secular and has no official national religion. People may follow a religion or choose not to have one. Religious practices must comply with Australian law.
Responsibilities of citizenship
Australian citizenship brings responsibilities as well as privileges.
- Obey Australian laws.
- Vote in federal and state or territory elections, and in referendums, if you are aged 18 or over.
- Defend Australia should the need arise; service in the Australian Defence Force is voluntary.
- Serve on a jury if called to do so. Eligible adult citizens on the electoral roll may be selected.
Privileges of citizenship
Citizens can apply for an Australian passport and re-enter Australia without a visa. They may seek consular assistance from Australian officials overseas, although they must obey the laws of the country they visit.
Other privileges include applying for work in the Australian Public Service or Australian Defence Force, seeking election to parliament subject to eligibility requirements, and applying for children born overseas to become citizens by descent.
Participating in the community
Citizens can help shape their community by volunteering, joining local organisations, supporting neighbours and participating in political life.
Paying tax is required by law and supports public services. The Australian Taxation Office collects taxes that help fund healthcare, education, defence, roads, railways and social security. State, territory and local governments also collect taxes and charges for services.